Dutch / Netherland / Holland
Native people of Netherland known as Dutch.
In 1583, Van Linschoten, was a dutch merchant trader and historian came Goa.
In 1596, he published a Book “Itinerario”- Routes of Eastern Sea
The weakening of Portuguese enabled the English and the Dutch merchants to use the Cape of Good Hope route to India and so to join in the race for empire in the East.
At the end, the Dutch gained control over Indonesia and the British over India, Ceylon, and Malaya.
In 1595, four Dutch ships sailed to India via the Cape of Good Hope.
In 1602, the Dutch East India Company was formed and the Dutch States General (the Dutch parliament) gave it a Charter empowering it to make war, conclude treaties, acquire territories, and build fortresses.
The aim of company was to establish monopoly in trade of spices.
The main interest of Dutch was not in India, but in the Indonesian Islands of Java, Sumatra, and the Spice Islands where spices were produced.
Dutch forced back the Portuguese from the Malay Straits and the Indonesian Islands and, in 1623, defeated English who attempted to establish themselves on the islands.
In the first half of 17th century, Dutch had successfully seized the most important profitable part of Asian trade.
They set up settlements at
Masulipatnam – 1605
Pullicat – 1610
Kasim Bazar – 1658
Balashore – 1658
Cochin – 1663
In 17th Century, They Defeated Portuguese and replaced Portuguese as most dominant power in European Trade in the East, Including India.
Pullicat was their main centres, later it was replaced by Nagapatinam.
After middle of 17th century, English began to emerge as colonial power.
Anglo-Dutch Rivalry lasted for 7 Decades and Led to defeat of Dutch in 1759 “Battle of Bedara”.
